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Chayote pectin regulates blood glucose through the gut-liver axis: Gut microbes/SCFAs/FoxO1 signaling pathways
Despite significant evidence on the anti-diabetic effect of chayote fruit and phenolic compounds, research on the mechanism of chayote (Sechium edule) pectin (CP) regulating blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is scarce. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential mechanisms by which CP modulates blood glucose levels through an 8-week administration in db/db mice. The results showed that the CP treatment in db/db mice resulted in an elevation in glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) secretion, an increase in hepatic glycogen storage, and a decrease in homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Western blotting results showed that CP intervention significantly upregulated the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (P-AKT) and downregulated the expression of fork-head transcription factor O1(FoxO1), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). Moreover, CP effectively upre gulated the protein expression of hepatic G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43) and phosphorylated adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (P-AMPK). Furthermore, CP rearranged the gut microbiota structure by increasing beneficial bacteria (unclassified_Ruminococcaceae, Muribaculaceae, Alloprevotella, Rikenella, and Parabacteroides) and reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Additionally, CP improved the gut barrier by increasing the number and area of goblet cells and significantly upregulating the expression of Claudin-1 and Mucin-2. Overall, these findings suggest that CP regulated blood glucose by activating the gut-liver axis signaling pathway: gut microbiota/ SCFAs/ GLP-1, PI3K/AKT/FoxO1, and GPR43/AMPK/FoxO1. This study provides a scientific basis for the development and application of pectin-based functional foods. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
Authors : Guo Q.; Wang X.; Ke J.; Hou X.; Shen G.; Li S.; Chen H.; Cui Q.; Yu J.; Luo Q.; Liu H.; Chen A.; Liu Y.; Zhang Z.
Source : Elsevier Ltd
Article Information
| Year | 2025 |
| Type | Article |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115706 |
| ISSN | 09639969 |
| Volume | 202 |
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