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A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study
Background: Insulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. Objective: This study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following a very low–carbohydrate (VLC) dietary pattern.
Methods: Adults with rs738409-GG or -CG with liver steatosis and elevated liver function tests, were taught an ad libitum VLC diet, positive affect and mindful eating skills, goal setting, and self-monitoring and given feedback and coaching for 4 months. We measured liver steatosis, anthropometric, serum metabolic diet adherence, and quality of life measures.
Results: In this small pilot trial, of the 11 participants enrolled, 9 (82%) participants completed outcomes. All 11 participants viewed at least 1 session of the intervention, and 8 (73%) participants viewed at least half of the sessions. Amon g the 9 participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 6.22, 95% CI 5.58-6.85), with 5 (56%) participants rating the intervention the top score, and 4 (44%) participants reporting they did not plan to stop following the VLC diet. Across participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, the percent change in liver fat was −33.17% (95% CI −86.48 to 20.14), and in only the participants who were adherent to the eating pattern, the percent change in liver fat was −53.12% (95% CI −71.25 to −34.99). Amongst participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, 6 out of 8 (75%) participants were considered responders, with a relative decline in liver fat ≥30%, and of the 9 participants with a 4-month body weight, 9 (100%) participants lost ≥5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusions: Results suggest the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the V LC intervention in adults with higher genetic risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, although there is a need for further studies given the small sample size and the high risk of substantial biases in this small pilot study. © Laura R Saslow, Jamie Krinock, Alison O'Brien, Kaitlyn Raymond, Hovig Bayandorian, Judith T Moskowitz, Jennifer Daubenmier, Antonio Oliveri, Deanna J Marriott, Dina H Griauzde, Elizabeth K Speliotes.
Authors : Saslow L.R.; Krinock J.; O'Brien A.; Raymond K.; Bayandorian H.; Moskowitz J.T.; Daubenmier J.; Oliveri A.; Marriott D.J.; Griauzde D.H.; Speliotes E.K.
Source : JMIR Publications Inc.
Article Information
| Year | 2025 |
| Type | Article |
| DOI | 10.2196/60051 |
| ISSN | 2561326X |
| Volume | 9 |
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